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Mysticism in Islam
In Islam, mysticism is known as “Sufism” or “Tasawwuf.” Sufism is a mystical dimension of Islam that focuses on seeking a direct and intimate experience of the divine and achieving spiritual purification and union with God.
Sufism emphasizes the inner, spiritual dimension of Islam and seeks to cultivate a deep personal relationship with God through various practices and disciplines. These practices often include meditation, contemplation, recitation of sacred texts and prayers, chanting of devotional poetry (such as qawwali), and the observation of specific rituals and ascetic practices.
The central goal of Sufism is to attain a state of spiritual awakening and nearness to God, often referred to as “maqam” or “marifa.” Sufi mystics, known as “Sufis” or “Dervishes,” aim to purify the heart from worldly attachments, ego-driven desires, and negative traits, in order to manifest qualities such as love, compassion, humility, and detachment.
Sufis often engage in practices of dhikr (remembrance of God) by repeating the names of God or certain phrases from the Qur’an as a form of meditation. They seek to reach a state of spiritual ecstasy (hal), where they transcend ordinary consciousness and experience a sense of unity with the divine.
Sufism encompasses various orders or brotherhoods (tariqas) led by spiritual guides (shaykhs), who provide guidance and instruction to their followers. These orders often have their own specific practices, rituals, and teachings, but they all share a common focus on spiritual development and the path of self-realization.
It is important to note that Sufism is considered an integral part of Islam by many Muslims, but it is not universally embraced by all Muslims. There have been debates and differences of opinion within the Islamic community regarding the practices and teachings of Sufism, but it has nonetheless played a significant role in shaping the spiritual and cultural landscape of the Islamic world.
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